Basically, mental retardation can be described as a disorder that exhibits characteristics such as below average cognitive functioning. Another symptom is deficits that are found within two or at times more of adaptive behaviors that begin before one clocks eighteen years. Any condition that does not allow the growth of the brain of an infant as they are born or when growing up can be a cause of mental retardation. Genetic conditions are one cause of mental retardation. They are caused by x-ray exposure and infection at pregnancy leading to gene disorders and gene combinations among others.
The use of drugs and alcohol when one is pregnant can cause mental retardation to the unborn child. A number of diseases that affect mothers during pregnancy can cause the condition as well. Among the diseases are diabetes, granular disorders, cytomegalovirus, malnutrition and many others. Problems that occur at birth also lead to mental retardation. It is known that unusual stress at an infants birth can injure an infants brain but it is low birth weight and prematurity which pose the most risk of mental retardation.
Certain diseases affect children after they are born and end up causing encephalitis and meningitis. The latter and the former are known to cause brain damage. The diseases which affect children are chicken pox, measles and the Hib disease Downs Syndrome also causes mental retardation condition and it occurs as a result of a supplementary chromosome coming up in the cells of the baby. The extra chromosome causes the impediment of normal brain development which causes mental retardation in the end.
The Downs Syndrome affects one in eight hundred newborns. Also known as German measles, Rubella is a harmless infection in adults caused by a virus but when it occurs in pregnancy, it can affect a babys visual impairment and cause them to have mental retardation.
Another cause of the mental retardation condition is Inherited Metabolic Disorders. Chromosomes, which are contained within the human cells, have genes which are in control of the brains maturation and growth. Some of the genes are also responsible for the chemical reactions that are essential for the growth of the brain. If the gene is not normal there can be derangement of the metabolic reactions leading to mental retardation. Cretinism, an Iodine Deficiency Disorder is another cause for mental retardation. During pregnancy if the baby does not get adequate supply of iodine from its mother, it will get a condition known as hypothyroidism which causes mental retardation, dwarfism and hearing impairment.
Brain infections that are caused by viruses and bacteria after the birth of a child also cause mental retardation. Some of the symptoms of brain fever are convulsions, vomiting, headache and consciousness loss. Poverty as well as the deprivation of culture is another reason for mental retardation. This is because children who are born into poor families are often affected by factors such as malnutrition, improper medical care, health hazards that are environment related and disease conditions which lead to mental retardation. These children also lack the cultural experiences provided to advantaged children and this can lead to mental retardation. If caution is taken during pregnancy and child growth, mental retardation can be prevented.
The use of drugs and alcohol when one is pregnant can cause mental retardation to the unborn child. A number of diseases that affect mothers during pregnancy can cause the condition as well. Among the diseases are diabetes, granular disorders, cytomegalovirus, malnutrition and many others. Problems that occur at birth also lead to mental retardation. It is known that unusual stress at an infants birth can injure an infants brain but it is low birth weight and prematurity which pose the most risk of mental retardation.
Certain diseases affect children after they are born and end up causing encephalitis and meningitis. The latter and the former are known to cause brain damage. The diseases which affect children are chicken pox, measles and the Hib disease Downs Syndrome also causes mental retardation condition and it occurs as a result of a supplementary chromosome coming up in the cells of the baby. The extra chromosome causes the impediment of normal brain development which causes mental retardation in the end.
The Downs Syndrome affects one in eight hundred newborns. Also known as German measles, Rubella is a harmless infection in adults caused by a virus but when it occurs in pregnancy, it can affect a babys visual impairment and cause them to have mental retardation.
Another cause of the mental retardation condition is Inherited Metabolic Disorders. Chromosomes, which are contained within the human cells, have genes which are in control of the brains maturation and growth. Some of the genes are also responsible for the chemical reactions that are essential for the growth of the brain. If the gene is not normal there can be derangement of the metabolic reactions leading to mental retardation. Cretinism, an Iodine Deficiency Disorder is another cause for mental retardation. During pregnancy if the baby does not get adequate supply of iodine from its mother, it will get a condition known as hypothyroidism which causes mental retardation, dwarfism and hearing impairment.
Brain infections that are caused by viruses and bacteria after the birth of a child also cause mental retardation. Some of the symptoms of brain fever are convulsions, vomiting, headache and consciousness loss. Poverty as well as the deprivation of culture is another reason for mental retardation. This is because children who are born into poor families are often affected by factors such as malnutrition, improper medical care, health hazards that are environment related and disease conditions which lead to mental retardation. These children also lack the cultural experiences provided to advantaged children and this can lead to mental retardation. If caution is taken during pregnancy and child growth, mental retardation can be prevented.
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